BioSci 23280: The Science Behind Genetically Modified Organisms

(Original Version)

http://naturalsystems.org/class/GMO

 

Joy Bergelson                                                              Justin Borevitz

Office: Erman 202 (1103 E. 57th Street)                                  Office: Cummings 915E

Phone: 702-3855                                                         Phone: 702-5948

Email: jbergels@uchicago.edu                                     Email: borevitz@uchicago.edu

 

Class BSCL 205, Tu/Thur 1:30-2:50

Prerequisites – BioSci 20185

 

SYLLABUS Shorter, New Version              http://naturalsystems.org/class/GMO

 

BioSci 23280: The Science Behind Genetically Modified Organisms

Tuesday/Thursday 1:30 -2:50 

Room to be determined (but initially BSLC 205)

 

Week 1

January 3                     Introduction to the Course, Decide on topics, Watch videos on reserve

                                    Also see web site (above link) for video The Future of Food will post the DivX.

On reserve

Genetic Time Bomb, produced by de Graad & Boe for Oregon Public Broadcasting

Food for Thought, by Ed Schehl & Katherine Knight

Against the Grain, Biotechnology and the CorporateTakeover of your Food - produced by Britt Bailey/ written by Marc Lappe

 

Week 2

January 10                   Gene Spread Bergelson to discuss

                                    Reading assignment: Quist, D. & I. H. Chapela.

 2001

. (Notice rebuttals and recent)  Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico. Nature 414: 541-543.

                                    Science review, GMO special issue

Week 3

January 17                   Student discussion/presentation on follow up papers to Chapella et al and broader issues of Gene Spread.

                                    Assignment #1 Due

January 19                   Individual meetings on Research Topic

Week 4

January 24                   Bio/Phytoremediation: Borevitz to Introduce topic.  Papers on Phytoremediation

January 26       Individual meetings on Research Topic

Week 5

January 31                   Student discussion/presentation on specifics of Bio/Phytoremediation,

                                    solutions or more problems?

                                    Assignment #2 due PLEASE EMAIL TO BOREVITZ AT UCHICAGO.EDU

February 2                   Individual meetings on Research Topic

Week 6

February 7                   Community Level Effects: Bergelson to introduce topic regarding GMO and their

                                     interaction with flora and fauna

February 9                   Individual meetings on Research Topic

Week 7

February 14                 Student discussion/presentation on specifics of Community Level Effects

                                    Assignment #3 due

February 16                 STUDENT  FINAL PRESENTATION

Week 8

February 21                 Bio Pharming. Plant production of pharmaceuticals. Borevitz to introduce topic

February 23                 STUDENT  FINAL PRESENTATION

Week 9

February 28                 Student discussion/presentation on specifics of Bio Pharming

                                    Assignment #4 due

March 2                       STUDENT FINAL PRESENTATION

Week 10

March 7                       STUDENT  FINAL PRESENTATION

March 9                       Final Written Project due by email at 3pm.

Course Description

In this course, we will discuss issues surrounding the production of genetically modified organisms.  We will begin by understanding what genetic manipulation entails and how genetic manipulation can enhance agriculture and medicine.  We will then focus on critically evaluating the scientific basis of health and environmental concerns, as well as exploring the public perception of these concerns. Readings from the primary literature will be supplemented with background information on genetic technologies and with presentations from the media. The class will include lectures, videos, student presentations and extensive discussions.  Winter Quarter.  Tues/Thursday 1:30 – 2:50.

Grading Under the Newer Syllabus

Short Written Assignments (four)                                6 pts each =     24 points

Short Presentations/Participation (four)                                    6 pts each =      24 points

Final Presentation                                                                                12 points

Final Written Project                                                                            40 points

Late Policy

We will only accept late assignments under extraordinary circumstances, but you are free to miss one of the 6 short assignments. 

Reading Materials

There are no books to purchase for this course.  We will read from the primarily scientific literature.  The articles will either be available online, or will be provided to you in class.  However, there is ample background information available and we would encourage you to peruse this information as you work on your assignments and as you form your opinions regarding the risks, or lack of risks, associated with transgenic organisms.  The following list of web sites is meant as a guide to get started, many other sites could be found with an appropriate search:

General Overview        www.colostate.edu/programs/lifesciences/TransgenicCrops/index.html

General Overview        http://www.sac.ac.uk/info/External/About/publicns/gmos2.htm

Prince Charles (statement)       http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/speeches/agriculture_01061999.html

California Native Plant Society (position statement)    http://www.cruzcnps.org/rigney.html

Royal Society of Canada (report)        http://www.rsc.ca/foodbiotechnology/GMreportEN.pdf

Royal Society of England (several reports here)          http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/policy/index.html

Union of Concerned Scientists (position statement)   http://www.ucsusa.org/agriculture/gen.risks.html

The National Academy of Science (report)      http://books.nap.edu/catalog/9795.html

What has been transformed in England                       http://www.genewatch.org/DbIntro.htm

USDA APHIS                                                  http://www.aphis.usda.gov

Potential Topics for final Project

Petitions to Deregulation, What is substantial equivalence?

Bioterroism (have a look at current government funding requests)

Resistance Management Strategies (Containment of GMO)

Evolution of Virulence (and issues surrounding specific promoter sequences)

Dolly & Human Cloning/ Stem Cells:  Ethics and Science

Labeling and issues of Allergenicity

Is genetic modification in GMOs really fundamentally different from tradition methods or just an extension?

Horizontal gene transfer, what is it, does it happen, if so when?

Predicting invasiveness -  Prosamo

Have GMO’s actually lead to a reduction in herbicide use?

Will GMO’s lead to increased selection for evolution of pathogen virulence?

You are also free to think of your own topic!


SYLLABUS Original version

Week 1

January 3                              Introduction to the Course

January 5                              What is a Genetically Modified Organism?

                                                                Background Reading: Methods of Genetic Modification and Their Use

                                                                From: Regulatory Toxicology 12: S79-S113

Week 2

January 10                            Ecological Risks of Genetically Modified Organisms (an overview)

                                                                Reading assignment: compilation of magazine articles

                                                                Assignment (#1): short critique

January 12                            No Class

Week 3

January 17                            Risks of Gene Spread and Strategies of Containment

The Genetic Time Bomb, a video and discussion

January 19                            Risks of Gene Spread, a case study

Reading assignment: Quist, D. & I. H. Chapella. 2001. Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico. Nature 414: 541-543.

                                                                Assignment (#2): short critique

Week 4

January 24                            Risks of Invasion II: The PROSAMO trials

Reading assignment: Crawley, M. J., R. S. Hails, M. Rees, D. Kohn & J. Buxton. 1993. Ecology of transgenic oilseed rape in natural habitats.  Nature 363: 620-623.

                                                                Assignment (#3): short critique

January 26                            Risks for Beneficial Insects, a case study

Reading assignment: Losey, J. E., L. S. Raynor & M. E. Carter. 1999. Transgenic pollen harms Monarch larvae. Nature 399: 214.

Zangerl, A. R. et al. 2001. Effects of exposure to event 176 Bacillus thuringensis corn pollen on monarch and black swallowtail caterpillars under field conditions.  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98: 11908-11912.

                                                                Assignment (#4): short critique

Week 5

January 31                            Resistance management

Reading assignment: Gould, F.  et al. 1997. Initial frequency of alleles for resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins in field populations of Heliothis virescens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 94: 3519-523.               

Shelton, A. M., J. D. Tang, R. T. Roush, T. D. Metz & E. D. Earle. 2000. Field tests on managing resistance to Bt-engineered plants. Nature Biotechnology 18: 339-342.

                                                                Assignment (#5): short critique

February 2                            Evolution of virulence

Schoelz, J. E. & W. M. Wintermantel.  1993. Expansion of viral host range through complementation and recombination in transgenic plants.  The Plant Cell 5: 1669-1679.

Wintermantel, W. M. & J. E. Schoelz.  1996. Isolation of recombinant viruses between cauliflower mosaic virus and a viral gene in transgenic plants under conditions of moderate selection pressure.  Virology 223: 156-164.

                                                                Assignment (#6): short critique

Week 6

February 7                            Regulation of Transgenic Crops, an overview

February 9                            Working Groups will meet

Week 7

February 14                          Petitions to Deregulate Transgenic Crops I: student presentations

February 16                          Petitions to Deregulate Transgenic Crops II: student presentations

Week 8

February 21                          Health Risks of GMO’s, an overview

                                                Food for Thought, a video and discussion

February 23                          Research Project Commences (Potential Topics: Bioterrorisms, Dolly and Human Cloning, Forensics, etc.)

Week 9

February 28                          Working Groups will meet

March 2                                 Working Groups will meet

Week 10

March 7                                 Final Projects I: student presentations

March 9 Reading Day        Final Projects II: student presentations

Grading under Old Syllabus

Short Assignments (choose 5 of 6)                              8pts each =      40 points

Petitions to Deregulate                                                                         25 points         

Participation                                                                                         10 points         

Final Project                                                                                         25 points